![]() ![]() The technique of Lung transplant, the definitive therapy of PVOD. The prognosis indicates usually a 2-year (24 month) life expectancy after diagnosis. However, pulmonary hypertension (revealed via physical examination), in the presence of pleural effusion (done via CT scan) usually indicates a diagnosis of pulmonary veno-occlusive disease. ![]() CT scans may show characteristic findings such as ground-glass opacities in centrilobular distribution, and mediastinal lymphadenopathy, but these findings are non-specific and may be seen in other conditions. Pulmonary veno-occlusive disease can only be well diagnosed with a lung biopsy. Furthermore, alveolar capillaries become dilated (due to back-pressure). Thickening is identified in lobular septal veins, also dilatation of lymphatics happens. This could be due to edematous tissue (sclerotic fibrous tissue). The pathophysiology of veno-occlusive disease culminates in occlusion of the pulmonary blood vessels. Published reports have indicated fatal occurrences that appeared to possess a familial pattern, more to the point, a germline mutation. Pulmonary veno-occlusive disease may have a genetic basis. Though this does not mean other possible causes do not exist, such as viral infection and risk of toxic chemicals ( chemotherapy drugs). The genetic cause of pulmonary veno-occlusive disease is mutations in EIF2AK4 gene. ![]()
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